定制小程序开发SpringCloud之Gateway网关路由转发route、断言predicates

官方文档：

1、gateway-ha 提供服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>com.yzm</groupId>        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>    </parent>    <artifactId>gateway-ha</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <packaging>jar</packaging>    <name>gateway-ha</name>    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build></project>@EnableFeignClients@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class GatewayHaApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(GatewayHaApplication.class, args);    }}server:  port: 8021spring:  application:    name: gateway-haeureka:  client:    serviceUrl:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8088/eureka/# 定制小程序开发启动熔断降级feign:  hystrix:    enabled: true
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Controller

@RestControllerpublic class HaController {    @Resource    private HaFeign haFeign;    @Value("${server.port}")    private String port;    @GetMapping("hello")    public String hello(@RequestParam String name) {        return "ha，" + name + " ! " + "定制小程序开发定制小程序开发访问端口号：" + port;    }    @GetMapping("ha")    public String ha(@RequestParam String name) {        return haFeign.callHi(name);    }}
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Service

@FeignClient(value = "gateway-hi", fallback = HaBack.class)public interface HaFeign {    @GetMapping("hello")    String callHi(@RequestParam String name);}@Servicepublic class HaBack implements HaFeign {    @Override    public String callHi(String name) {        return "gateway-hi 服务挂了";    }}
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2、gateway-hi 提供服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>com.yzm</groupId>        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>    </parent>    <artifactId>gateway-hi</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <packaging>jar</packaging>    <name>gateway-hi</name>    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build></project>@EnableFeignClients@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class GatewayHiApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(GatewayHiApplication.class, args);    }}server:  port: 8022spring:  application:    name: gateway-hieureka:  client:    serviceUrl:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8088/eureka/feign:  hystrix:    enabled: true
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Controller

@RestControllerpublic class HiController {    @Resource    private HiFeign hiFeign;    @Value("${server.port}")    private String port;    @GetMapping("hello")    public String hello(@RequestParam String name) {        return "hi，" + name + " ! " + "访问端口号：" + port;    }    @GetMapping("hi")    public String hi(@RequestParam String name) {        return hiFeign.callHa(name);    }}
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Service

@FeignClient(value = "gateway-ha", fallback = HiBack.class)public interface HiFeign {    @GetMapping("hello")    String callHa(@RequestParam String name);}@Servicepublic class HiBack implements HiFeign {    @Override    public String callHa(String name) {        return "gateway-ha 服务挂了";    }}
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3、gateway-route 网关服务-路由转发

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>com.yzm</groupId>        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>    </parent>    <artifactId>gateway-route</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <packaging>jar</packaging>    <name>gateway-route</name>    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build></project>@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class GatewayRouteApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(GatewayRouteApplication.class, args);    }}
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application.yml

server:  port: 8023eureka:  client:    serviceUrl:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8088/eureka/spring:  application:    name: gateway-route  cloud:    gateway:      discovery:        locator:          enabled: true          # serviceId是否小写          lowerCaseServiceId: true
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通过gateway定制小程序开发实现路由转发有两种方式：

方式一：通过代码配置类实现

@Configurationpublic class RouteConfig {    @Bean    public RouteLocator customerRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {        return builder.routes()                .route("to_gateway_ha", r -> r                        .path("/ha/**")                        .filters(f -> f.                                stripPrefix(1)                        )                        .uri("http://localhost:8021/")                )                .route(r -> r                        .path("/gw-ha/**", "/gw-a/**")                        .filters(f -> f.                                stripPrefix(1)                        )                        .uri("lb://gateway-ha")                )                .build();    }}
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to_gateway_ha：路由ID，具备全局唯一性，可以不指定，UUID。
stripPrefix(1)：去掉前缀，1表示个数，如路由前请求/a/b/c/d，去掉1个前缀后请求/b/c/d再转发
uri()：可以指定详细地址(不能负载)，也可以指定服务ID

依次启动eureka、ha、hi和route服务

访问
http://localhost:8023/gateway-ha/helloname=yzm
http://localhost:8023/gateway-hi/helloname=yzm

这是网关的默认路由规则

访问
http://localhost:8023/gw-a/helloname=yzm
http://localhost:8023/gw-ha/helloname=yzm
http://localhost:8023/ha/helloname=yzm

这是自定义的路由规则

方式二：通过配置文件yml实现

spring:  application:    name: gateway-route  cloud:    gateway:      discovery:        locator:          enabled: true          lowerCaseServiceId: true      routes:        - id: gw_ha          uri: http://localhost:8021/          predicates:            - Path=/hhha/*          filters:            - StripPrefix=1        - id: to_gateway_hi          uri: lb://gateway-hi          predicates:            - Path=/hi/*          filters:            - StripPrefix=1
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重启route服务
访问
http://localhost:8023/hhha/helloname=yzm
http://localhost:8023/hi/helloname=yzm

路由转发简单实现完成！

4、 断言，即路由条件

Path 路径匹配

      routes:        - id: path_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Path=/ha
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Method 请求方式

	routes:        - id: method_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Method=POST
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Before 某时间点之前

	routes:        - id: time_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Before=2022-03-10T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在该时区前发生
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After 某时间点之后

	routes:        - id: time_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - After=2022-03-10T15:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在该时区后发生
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Between 两时间点之间

	routes:        - id: time_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Between=2022-01-10T15:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2022-10-10T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在两个时区内发生
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Header 请求头

	routes:        - id: header_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Header=id,001 #携带header信息，相当于键值对，id为key，001为value            - Header=id,d+ #携带header信息，相当于键值对，id为key，d+为value，是一个正则表达式，表达为正数
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Cookie

	routes:        - id: cookie_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Cookie=username,yzm #携带cookies信息，相当于键值对，username为key，yzm为value            - Cookie=username,d+ #携带cookies信息，相当于键值对，username为key，d+为value
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Host 域名

	routes:        - id: host_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Host=**.baidu.com,**.another.com
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Query 查询条件

	routes:        - id: query_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Query=number,123 #带查询条件，第一个是查询参数名称，第二个是可选的值，有参数名为number且值=123            - Query=number #带查询条件，有参数名为number，值无所谓            - Query=number,d+ 
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RemoteAddr 远程地址

	routes:        - id: raddr_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - RemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24
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server:  port: 8024eureka:  client:    serviceUrl:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8088/eureka/spring:  application:    name: gateway-predicate  cloud:    gateway:      discovery:        locator:          enabled: true          lowerCaseServiceId: true      routes:        #Path        - id: path_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Path=/ha        #Method        - id: method_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Method=POST        #Header        - id: header_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Header=id,d+ #携带header信息，相当于键值对，id为key，d+为value，是一个正则表达式，表达为正数        #Cookie        - id: cookie_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Cookie=username,d+ #携带cookies信息，相当于键值对，username为key，d+为value        #Host        - id: host_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Host=**.baidu.com,**.another.com        #Query        - id: query_route          uri: lb://gateway-ha          predicates:            - Query=number,d+        #Time#        - id: time_route#          uri: lb://gateway-ha#          predicates:#            - After=2020-10-30T15:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在该时区后发生#            - Before=2020-10-30T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在该时区前发生#            - Between=2020-10-30T15:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2020-10-30T16:00:22.432+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #在两个时区内发生
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在gateway-ha服务中添加接口

    @PostMapping("post")    public String post() {        System.out.println("post");        return "post";    }    @GetMapping("time")    public String time() {        System.out.println("time");        return "time";    }    @GetMapping("/header")    public String header(HttpServletRequest request) {        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();        while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {            String name = headerNames.nextElement();            System.out.println(name + " = " + request.getHeader(name));        }        return "header";    }    @GetMapping("/cookie")    public String cookie(HttpServletRequest request) {        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();        for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {            System.out.println(cookie.getName() + " = " + cookie.getValue());        }        return "cookie";    }    @GetMapping("/host")    public String host(HttpServletRequest request) {        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();        while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {            String name = headerNames.nextElement();            System.out.println(name + " = " + request.getHeader(name));        }        return "host";    }    @GetMapping("/query")    public String query(Integer number) {        System.out.println(number);        return "query";    }
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依次启动eureka、ha、predicates服务

使用curl访问
curl -XPOST localhost:8024/post

curl localhost:8024/header -H “id:111”

curl localhost:8024/cookie --cookie “username=222”

curl localhost:8024/host -H “host:a.another.com”

curl localhost:8024/querynumber=333

相关链接



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